History of Brihadeeshwara Temple (Tanjore)

The Brihadeeshwara Temple, also known as Peruvudaiyar Kovil or the Big Temple of Thanjavur, was built by the Chola emperor Rajaraja I and completed around 1010 CE. It stands as a monumental example of Dravidian architecture and was constructed entirely of granite, a remarkable feat since no granite quarry existed within 100 km of the site. The temple's construction took about six to seven years during the peak of Chola power, reflecting Rajaraja I's ambition to create a grand abode for Lord Shiva, whom he revered deeply. The temple was originally called Rajarajeswaram, named after the king himself, and the massive Shiva lingam was consecrated there along with rich gifts from the king and his vassals. Over centuries, the temple saw additions and restorations by later dynasties such as the Nayakas and Marathas, preserving its splendor. Today, the Brihadeeshwara Temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and remains a vital place of worship and cultural heritage. Key Highlights of Brihadeeshwara Temple Built between 1003-1010 CE by Emperor Rajaraja I at the height of Chola power. Entirely constructed from granite; about 60,000 tons of granite were used. The temple’s towering vimana (main tower) is about 216 feet (around 66 meters) high, one of the tallest of its kind. Houses a giant Shiva lingam in the sanctum and is dedicated to Lord Shiva. The temple complex includes a large Nandi statue carved from a single stone, measuring 13 feet high and 16 feet wide. Known as “Dakshina Meru” (southern Meru) by its founder, symbolizing a cosmic mountain. The temple complex dimensions: approximately 240.79 meters east to west and 121.92 meters north to south. Famous for its intricate Chola frescoes and sculptures depicting Shiva in various forms.